Flood Water & Your Dog: The Hidden Leptospirosis Risk After Gulf Storms
There’s nothing like the relief pet parents feel after a hurricane or raging Gulf storm finally passes. The flood waters may still be lingering in the streets in the days after a storm, but at least the skies are clear.
We might be tempted to take our dogs out for a walk to explore what needs fixing and cleaning—and to debrief with our neighbors, family, and friends.
But there’s a hidden risk in the floodwaters after a storm: leptospirosis. This flood-water-related dog illness can cause kidney damage, liver disease, and, in severe cases, life-threatening illness. Here’s what the team at Great Oaks Veterinary Hospital in Alabama wants you to know about leptospirosis prevention and post-hurricane pet care.
What is Leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease caused by the Leptospira bacteria. Dogs typically get infected when they come into contact with water or soil that’s been contaminated by the urine of infected wildlife—or other domestic pets.
Flooding
significantly increases the risk of Leptospirosis, because standing water can easily become contaminated with urine from the hundreds of wild creatures that live parallel lives to ours: rodents, raccoons, opossums, and other mammals, for instance.
Hurricanes and heavy Gulf Coast rains can create perfect conditions for lepto exposure by leaving puddles, flooded ditches, and soggy yards that dogs might be tempted to drink, or even to simply walk through.
Leptospirosis is also a zoonotic disease, which means it can spread from pets to people. This is uncommon as long as you wash your hands after coming into contact with your pet’s urine or feces, but the risk still exists.
Because of this, a dog infected with lepto should be handled with care and given prompt veterinary treatment.
How to Prevent Leptospirosis in Dogs
Leptospirosis prevention involves a lepto vaccine for dogs. While the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) does not consider lepto a core vaccine, Gulf Coast veterinarians strongly recommend it for our local pooches. This is because, due to our geography, our pets are at a much higher risk of leptospirosis than, say, dogs who live in a dry, arid climate.
Currently, the vaccination guidelines for leptospirosis recommend this schedule:
- Initial puppyhood vaccine at 12 weeks of age
- Two doses given 2 to 4 weeks apart
- Annual booster to help maintain protection from lepto
While no vaccine can provide 100% protection from leptospirosis, vaccination substantially reduces your pup’s risk of infection and serious, potentially life-threatening disease.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Leptospirosis
Signs of leptospirosis can be::
- Fever
- Lethargy and weakness
- Loss of appetite and/or vomiting
- Increase in thirst or urination patterns
- Stiffness (indicating muscle pain)
- Yellowing of the eyes or gums (jaundice)
Veterinarians can diagnose lepto using a combination of physical exams, bloodwork, urine testing, and other specialized lab tests. Treatment involves antibiotics, IV fluids, and supportive care—and for dogs with kidney or liver involvement, a hospital stay may be in order.
Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly improve your pup’s chance of a positive outcome from lepto. Prevention is even better.
To get a head start on post-hurricane pet care before the next big one hits, reach out to our experienced veterinary team at Great Oaks Veterinary Hospital. We offer lepto vaccines for dogs, as well as diagnosis and treatment of leptospirosis. Call us at (251) 633-4857 to schedule an appointment today.
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